16 
Frank Angell. 
It therefore seems probable that running along with and playing into 
the contiguous associations before noted the factor of free judgments 
helps to make these discriminations independent of the time interval. 
Chronometrie Experiments and Like Cases. 
Everyone who has served as reagent or experimentor has noticed 
the marked difference in the quickness of delivering discriminative 
judgments. It has been commonly noted that »sure« judgments were 
the shortest and doubtful judgments the longest. The place taken 
by like judgments has not been commonly known, though in making- 
up averages they have been often classed with doubtful judgments. 
At any rate, the writer thought that a knowledge of the time rela¬ 
tions of the several kinds of judgment might throw some light on 
the processes of formation. 
Accordingly an apparatus was arranged for recording the time 
of judgments. Around a pair of horizontal drums, placed about 1,5 m 
apart, there ran a belt of 3,5 m of the ordinary glazed kymograph 
paper. This belt could be conveniently smoked by a broad wicked 
flat-iron lamp placed beneath the lower layer of paper. Motion was 
given by clock-work connected with one drum. The recording appa¬ 
ratus consisted of a triple time marker connected with telegraph 
keys screwed to the reagents’ chairs, and with the roller curtain in 
front of the disc. Time was marked by an electrically driven spring 
rod marking l/i6 sec. When the lower edge of the swiftly rising 
curtain reached the upper edge of the disc it tripped a lever connected 
with a Pfeil time-marker, and the reagents then registered »judgment 
reaction time« by pressing the key. Of course this took place only 
with the comparison disc. It must be said that this arrangement 
made no small demand on the dexterity of the experimentor: — to 
let up and pull down the curtain, to set the reading of the color- 
mixer, adjust the second disc of the D’n experiment, to raise and 
lower the curtain for the simultaneous judgment, to re — set the 
color-mixer for the main comparison, to turn down the lever 
and set the vibrating spring and drums in motion, and finally to 
raise and lower the curtain — all done quietly and without inter¬ 
ruption at stated intervals given by metronome beats, calls for no