10 
Frank Angell. 
about two years experience in psychological work, and the writer (Al). 
Bt was formerly a student of philosophy and has acquired the ten¬ 
dency to think and speak in abstract terms; on the other hand, he 
has a marked habit of making clear to himself scientific theories and 
propositions by means of visual schemes. Al is of the ordinary motor 
acoustic type with perhaps an originally strong tendency towards 
visualization. At the time Al was acting as reagent he had not 
worked up the results of the Würzburg experiment. He had, how¬ 
ever, read all the introspections save some written by Ke in short¬ 
hand, and he had »guessed« that the judgments were based in great 
part on verbal associations. Al’s introspective data therefore may 
have been influenced by this knowledge, though of course he is not 
conscious that any data recorded by him are colored by such in¬ 
fluences. The experimentor was Mr. F. Thompson, who had served 
long enough in experiments of this kind to carry out the experimenta¬ 
tion with judgment. The procedure was wholly without knowledge. 
Reagent Al presumed that the experiments would follow the general 
line of the Würzburg work, but of the value of the norms — whether 
or not the norms were changed from time to time — of the values 
and arrangement of the scale of comparisons — of all this he had 
as little knowledge as Bt. 
In as much as Bt was naturally much inclined to introspection, 
he was simply instructed to note what he thought relevant with special 
reference to the visual image. Both reagents were to underscore 
judgments which they felt sure were correct. The time of exposure 
of the discs was 1,5 sec. In Table ni the figures of these experi¬ 
ments are given for both reagents, both time orders, with and without 
the distraction of the simultaneous comparison of two discs. The 
signs are not in all respects like those of the preceding tables. The 
brightnesses are given in degrees of white instead of black. The 
calculation of results is also somewhat different. The double judg¬ 
ments, e. g. »darker — like« have been split and each component as¬ 
signed with a value 0,5 to its proper category1). 
1) The averages were calculated by Mr. Thompson for a paper of his own. 
The absolute values have been somewhat changed without greatly affecting then- 
relations.