6
ROBERT CHEN AU LT GIFLER
more nearly tapped and spoken at identical times than were the
others. S was almost always syncoped. But in the general, they
found that finger stress indicates quite well the vocal stress,
though minuter correlations are not indicated. To the above
results we ally those of Meumann13 which state that the time
limit of syncope is but 0.02 seconds. Miyake14 found that the
beat of the finger came before the beginning of the vowel when it
stood alone, when it had a glottal catch, when it was short or
long, followed by a final consonant, or when it was short or long
between two consonants. Also, except in the case of B, D, and G,
the beat as tapped came before the vowel following these
consonants.
With regard to the matter of correlating qualitative conscious¬
ness states with the motor consciousness, there is to be men¬
tioned Dressler’s work15 where increased central activity seemed
to favor increased rapidity in voluntary movements; also the
work of Drozynski16 which does not crystallize into any specific
positive correlation, but shows apparently that the unpleasant
stimuli gave the more noticeable arousals. But by ‘unpleasant
we must understand here the many meanings of the term in the
sense of Wundt’s tridimensional theory. This writer used no
iambics.17
So much for a general account of some of the more important
and resultful experimentations upon the motor and introspective
phases of an expressive method in psychological esthetics (espe¬
cially in re. poetry). But to come down to the particular
elements of our own research, especially the form of the rhyth¬
mical presentation and the apparatus used ; and first the rhythm
form.
13 “Untersuchungen zur Psych, und Aesth. der Rhythmus,” Wundt’s Studien,
x, 1894 p- 419.
14 See Scripture, “Elements of Experimental Phonetics,” esp. Chap. 37-
15 “Excitement and tapping rates,” Am. Jour, of Psych., 1891, IV, p. 523.
1« “Atmungs und Pulssymptome rhythmischer Gefühle, Wundts Psych.
Stud., Vol. 7, PP- 83-140.
17 See also for the effects of pleasant and unpleasant music, F. Rehwoldt,
“Ueber respiratorische Affectssymptome,” Wundt’s Stud., Vol. 3, pp. 149-192.