5 f 
E system of self-help; they established so-called "Berufsberatungsstellen" where people 2 
E of the various professions told those students who came there for the purpose of  
 instruction what the conditions were in the respective occupations. But now another  
E question arose, where to find the means which would enable them to continue studying?  
2 The organizations which established themselves at the various universities in order to  
E lead the way to "student's relief", tried to find out ways also for this. The students  
E found very soon that mere relief work could not do it all. Moreover they had no  
 intention whatever of becoming beggars, but wanted to help themselves. The idea of E 
 self-help got the upper hand and became the basis for the whole work of all the  
 students' relief organizations.  
 lll. How the Students help themselves.  
E There was only one possible way for many of them to get the necessary money  
i for their studies: work in factories, banks, mines etc. That brought about quite a new  
i situation for the German student. lt is true, even in pre-war times poorer students had  
 tried to earn some money by giving lessons or working in offices. But that a student   
 "commilitones" as they call one another  should work in a factory side by side with  
 the man of the working classes, would have seemed an impossibility to the average  
5 German student before the war. Nowadays, however, it is not only possible but even  
5 a matter of course! Thus students put on miners' dress and went down to the mines,  
5 or worked in factories at the machines. Others again worked in forests and cleared  
 woods, or they went to the peasants and helped them as labourers in harvest-times.  
 Not all of these who did this were really forced by harshest need to do so. Surely  
2 many a one might have lived without earning money, but a new conception of social  
Z life led them to practise it and work with the labourers. Thus many students used  
 their vacations for manual work and came back with money and experiences; their f 
E number was steadily increasing. And the "Work-student" became a typical figure in  
E German universities. To-day, the majority of all German students belong to this type.  
i'  Most work-students are labourers in their vacations  two months in spring, three  
 months in autumn. Many of them find a chance to work through their acquaintance with  
 manufacturers or land-owners. But most of them use the correspondence-offices of  
i the "Students Relief" which have been established by the so-called Wirlschaflskorper,  
 or "economic bodies" of the universities. The whole relief work for students which  
2 had first been taken up by many and varied organizations has been gradually handed  
E over to these "economic bodies". This organization not only finds out the desired  
i opportunity to work, but also provides students with the necessary dress and helps  
5 them in case some unexpected difficulty is met with during the work-time. It also  
 gives the students good information and advice  all the more valuableas they go  
 out to a life utterly unknown to them. When the students come back, they have to  
 report their experiences especially with respect to the success of their work; and also  
2 the employers are asked to send a report as to how they were satisfied with the  
2 work of the students. Further assistance is refused to students who did not do their  
 duty or were not an honour to their university; and employers who made two much  
 profit on their student workers put on the black list  but up to now everything  
 has worked out fairly well. In fact, the employers generally have expressed satisfaction,  
12 "