8 
17 
Qf 
Caricature 
and 
Gratefgue 
crown to which the documents referred. Some of thefe are evidently 
defigned for caricature. Thus, the Hgure given in our cut No. II2 was 
intended to reprefent an Iriihman. One trait, at leaft, in this caricature 
is well known from the defcription given by Giraldus Carnbrenfis, who 
fpeaks with a fort of horror of the formidable axes which the Irifh were 
accuftomed to carry about with them. In treating of the manner in 
which Ireland ought to be governed when it had been entirely reduced 
to fubjeciion, he recommends that, " in the meantime, they ought not 
to be allowed in time of peace, on any pretence or in any place, to ufe 
that deteitable inttrument of deilruetion, which, by an ancient but accurfed 
 l cutlom, they conftantly carry in their hands inftead of a 
vi   Itaff." In a chapter of his "Topography of Ireland," 
X  Giraldus treats of this "ancient and wicked cuftom" 
U, 9'  of always carrying in their hand an axe, inftead of a 
 ft-aft, to the danger of all perfons who had any relations 
I  with them. Another Irifhman, from a drawing in the 
1"-fl fame manufcript, given in our cut No. 113, carries his 
axe in the fame threatening attitude. The coftume of 
 thefe figures anfwers with fuliicient accuracy to the de- 
, ' fcription given by Giraldus Cambrenfis. The drawings 
 CK: exhibit more exactly than that Writer's defcription the 
NOJI3 "gum "fmall clofe-fitting hoods, hanging a cubit's length 
 (half-a-yard) below the fhoulders," which, he tells us, 
they were accuilomed to wear. This fmall hood, with the flat cap 
attached to it, is {hown better perhaps in the fecond figure than in the 
firlt. The " breeches and hofe of one piece, or hofe and breeches joined 
together," are alfo exhibited here very diitinctly, and appear to be tied 
over the heel, but the feet are clearly naked, and evidently the ufe 
of the " brogues " was not yet general among the Iriih of the thirteenth 
century. 
If the Welfhman of this period was fomewhat more fcantily clothed 
than the Irifhnmn, he had the advantage of him, to judge by this 
manufcript, in wearing at Ieaii one {hoe. Our cut N0. 114, taken from 
it, reprefents a Welihman armed with bow and arrow, whofe clothing 
conhiis